What is a Fortune 500 company? The story behind the list

What is a Fortune 500 company? The story behind the list

Source: Fortune

Summary

The Fortune 500 list is a ranking of the largest 500 U.S. companies, public and private, based on revenue. The list is used by investors to track the rise and fall of American companies and assess the country’s economic health. The list was first published in 1955 and has since become the benchmark for companies around the world. In 2026, the list saw a record 11% of companies run by women, with Texas having the most Fortune 500 companies of any state.


Our Reading

The numbers tell one story. Amazon dethroned Walmart as the top company on the Fortune 500 list in 2026, with a revenue of $717 billion. The list has seen a shift in industries, with e-commerce and retail giants topping the list. The combined revenue of the Fortune 500 companies reached a record $21 trillion in 2025, with $2.1 trillion in profits. Despite the growth, the list still lacks diversity, with only 2% of CEOs being Black. The tracks that lead to the CEO jobs are primarily P&Ls, making it difficult for people of color to reach the top. The Fortune 500 list has become a wide window on the U.S. economy and a reference point for all.


Author: Evan Null